FLY BY PHYSICS

Introduction

For thousands of years, people have wanted to fly. Our legends and fairy tales are full of humans and animals that can fly –effortlessly gliding through that air. In real life, of course, no one can just fly into the air. We don’t have wings to keep and a power to keep the wings moving through the air to sustain the lift necessary or flight.

 “ Planes and birds are both affected by same forces in flight. They have to able to provide enough lift force to oppose the weight force.”

Our attempts to fly have taken us from flimsy paper hot-air balloons and strange-looking gliders to supersonic jet planes. We have learned about the forces of flight, and we know what it takes to keep birds and planes in the air.

Force can be defined as a push or pull. Unbalanced forces produce an acceleration of an object in the direction of the resultant force. Four main forces affect the flight abilities of birds and planes-weight, lift, thrust and drag.

Weight and Lift

We all know the gravity is a force that pulls everything towards the earth’s surface. This pull is called weight force.

Planes and birds have to be able to provide enough lift forces to oppose the weight force. Lift is a force that acts upwards against weight and is caused by the air moving over and under the wings.

Thrust and Drag

The power source of a bird or plane provides the thrust. Thrust is the force that moves the object forward. Thrust is provided by:

·       Muscles –for birds and other flying animals.

·       Engines-for flying machines.

·      Gravity-for glides that actually fly by always diving at a very shallow angle (birds do this too when they glide).

The force working against thrust is called drag. It caused by air resistance and acts in the opposite direction to the motion. The amount of drag depends on the shape of the objects, the density of the air and the speed of the object. Thrust can overcome or counteract the force of drag.

How it works

An object in flight is constantly engaging in a tug of war between the opposing forces of lift, weight, thrust and drag. Flight depends on these forces-whether the lift force is greater than the weight force and whether thrust is greater than drag forces.

Lift and drag are consider aerodynamic forces because they exist due to the movement of an object through the air. The weight pulls down on the plane opposing the lift created by air flowing over the wing. Thrust is generated by the propeller and opposes drag caused by air resistance. During take-off, Thrust must counteract drag and lift must counteract the weight before the plane can become airborne.

If  a plane or bird flies straight at a constant speed

·        Lift force upwards=weight force downwards

·        Thrust force forward=opposing force of drag

A plane can lose altitude by reducing thrust. Drag becomes greater than thrust and the plane slow down. This reduces lift and the plane descends.

A scientific fact

our human bodies can shied up to 1.5 liters of water   flying in the air for an average 3 hours. This is due to dehydration where we are spending a certain amount of time in a reduced oxygen environment.

Historical fact

The wright brothers invented and flow the first airplane in 1963 it is considered the worlds first sustained and controlled heaviest than air power flight. Their air craft the “height flyer” How about 120 feet.

Conclusion

long flights come when these four drag gravity and thrust and lift are balanced some planes are meant to be theorem with a lot of four because on extra thrust to over come gravity long distance files are often built with this same design planes that are built to spend a long time in the air usually have a lot of lift but little thrust thus planes and birds fly a slow and gentle flight.

SUBMITTED BY:

Shayana

Sujith

Lalan T B

Thilaka

1st  M. Sc. {2^nd Semester}     

SUBMITTED ON: 20/04/2019

REFERENCE:

Internet

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